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          Five Year Plans – Comprehensive Table

Serial number.	Plan name				Duration		Main objectives/features			Growth rate (target vs achieved)		Key Results/Special Schemes				Major incidents/failure causes
1	First Five Year Plan				1951-1956		Harrod-Damore model. Priority given to agriculture, price controls, and transportation. Community Development Program (1952).			Target: 4.5% Achieved: 4.3%		Success in agricultural production.				—
2	Second Five Year Plan				1956-1961		Mahalanobis model. Heavy industries, public sector priority.			–		The beginning of industrialization.				—
3	Third Five Year Plan				1961-1966		Agriculture, wheat production. Additional responsibilities for states.			Target: 5.6% Achieved: 2.4%		Failed. 3 annual plans in 1966-69.				China War (1962), Pakistan War (1965).
4	Fourth Five Year Plan				1969-1974		Gadgil Formula. Growth with Stability. Nationalization of Banks (1969).		Target: 5.7% Achieved: 3.3%		Indira Gandhi nationalized the banks.				—
5	Fifth Five Year Plan				1974-1978		“Garibi Hatao”. Food self-reliance, poverty eradication.		Target: 4.4% Achieved: 4.8%		State of Emergency (1975).				The Morarji government cancelled and started rolling plans.
6	Sixth Five Year Plan				1980-1985		Exceeding the Hindu growth rate (5%). Removing price controls.		Target: 5.2% Achieved: 5.7%		RLEGP (1983), NREP (1980), DWACRA schemes. Per capita income growth: 3.2%.				—
7	Seventh Five Year Plan				1985-1990		15-year vision. 28% funding for the energy sector (“Energy Plan”).		–		Modernization, self-reliance.				—
8	Eighth Five Year Plan				1992-1997		Narasimha Rao-Manmohan Singh economic reforms. Private sector priority.		–		Indicative planning approach. LPG model.				Reforms after the 1991 financial crisis.
9	Ninth Five Year Plan				1997-2002		Social justice and rural development.		Target: 6.5% Achieved: 5.4%		SJSRY (1997), JGSY (1999), SGSY (1999), PMGSY (2000). Per capita income growth: 3.4%.				—
10	Tenth Five Year Plan				2002-2007		8% growth, poverty reduction, literacy rate 75%.		Target: 8% Achieved: 7.8%		50 million jobs.				—
11	Eleventh Five Year Plan				2007-2012		“Rapid, inclusive growth”. 27 specified criteria.		Target: 9% Achieved: 8.1%		Agriculture (4%), industry (10-11%), and services (9-11%).				The impact of the 2008 global financial crisis.
12	Twelfth Five Year Plan				2012-2017		“Rapid, sustainable, inclusive growth”.		—		Jobs, health, education, development of backward areas. NITI Aayog was established in 2014.				—

 

Additional details:

1. Planning Commission:
   • Established in 1950 , replaced by NITI Aayog in 2014. 
   • The first 11 plans have been completed ; the 12th plan ( 2012-17) is the last.
2. Achievements:
   • Post-independence economic reconstruction , heavy industries , food security.
   • Economic reforms began after the 8th Plan ( 1992-97) . 
3. Failures:
   • The 3rd plan failed due to wars . 
   • The 5th Plan was cancelled after the Emergency  (1975) .
   • Less than the 9th Plan target  (6.5% vs 5.4%).
4. Main schemes:
   • RLEGP (1983),  NREP  (1980),  PMGSY  (2000),  SGSY  (1999).
   • LPG Model  ( Reforms) in the 8th Plan .
5. Political influences:
   • Indira Gandhi nationalized banks  (1969).
   • Manmohan Singh’s economic reforms  (1991 ).